pyenv-win 命令列表安装命令

1
pyenv install <version>：安装指定版本的Python。
2
pyenv uninstall <version>：卸载指定版本的Python。
3
pyenv rehash：重新生成shims和重新加载环境变量。

版本管理命令

1
pyenv versions：列出所有已安装的Python版本。
2
pyenv version：显示当前激活的Python版本。
3
pyenv global <version>：设置全局Python版本。
4
pyenv local <version>：在当前目录设置局部Python版本。
5
pyenv shell <version>：在当前shell中设置Python版本。
6
pyenv which <command>：显示指定命令所对应的Python解释器路径。

其他命令

1
pyenv exec <command>：在特定版本的Python环境中执行命令。
2
pyenv virtualenv <version> <name>：创建一个新的虚拟环境。
3
pyenv activate <name>：激活指定名称的虚拟环境。
4
pyenv deactivate：停用当前虚拟环境。

注意事项

1
在使用pyenv之前，请确保已经正确安装并配置好了Python环境。
2
使用虚拟环境可以帮助您在不同项目之间隔离Python依赖。
3
使用pyenv global、pyenv local和pyenv shell可以轻松管理不同版本的Python。

1
[System.Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable('PYENV',"C:\sw" + "\.pyenv\pyenv-win\","User")
2
[System.Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable('PYENV_ROOT',"C:\sw" + "\.pyenv\pyenv-win\","User")
3
[System.Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable('PYENV_HOME',"C:\sw" + "\.pyenv\pyenv-win\","User")
4
[System.Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable('path', "C:\sw" + "\.pyenv\pyenv-win\bin;" + "C:\sw" + "\.pyenv\pyenv-win\shims;" + [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable('path', "User"),"User")
5
Set-ExecutionPolicy -ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned -Scope CurrentUser
6
Unblock-File (Join-Path $env:PYENV 'bin/pyenv.ps1')
7
pip config set global.index-url https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
8
poetry source add tsinghua https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
9
yadm工具了解一下，并且使用上。

Python 常用脚本#

CH341A 模块#

FTDI 模块#

1
import ft4222
2
import ft4222.I2CMaster
3
# 需要在命令行使用以下命令，安装库
4
# pip install ft4222
5
# list devices
6
nbDev = ft4222.createDeviceInfoList()
7
for i in range(nbDev):
8
    print(ft4222.getDeviceInfoDetail(i, False))

python venv#

这是 Python 自带的包管理器，下面介绍常用命令。

1
# 创建环境
2
python -m venv /path/to/your/venv
3
# 激活环境 Windows
4
/path/to/your/venv/Scripts/activate
5
# 激活环境 Linux
6
source /path/to/your/venv/bin/activate
7
# 退出环境
8
deactivate

pip set#

1
# 导出包
2
pip freeze > requirements.txt
3
# 导入包
4
pip install -r requirements.txt
5
# pip 安装到指定路径
6
pip install package_name -t /path/to/your/directory

pip package list#

1
pip install vcdvcd
2
pip install python-lsp-server

文档

https://docs.python.org/zh-cn/3/download.html

https://peps.python.org/

LearnPython#

模块#

安装#

1
pip install pyelftools PySimpleGUI lxml numpy chardet scipy matplotlib
2
pip install pyvisa pandas shutil
3
pip install shutil openpyxl

说明#

1
# 用来暂停
2
os.system("pause")

打包应用#

1
# -F 表示 打包为单个文件
2
# -w 表示为没有控制台
3
# -i .\favicon.ico 添加应用图标
4
pyinstaller.exe -F -w -i .\favicon.ico .\test.py

wav 250#

import wave import math import array

音频参数#

sample_rate = 44100 # 采样频率 duration = 60*10 # 音频时长（秒）

创建一个新的 WAV 文件#

output_file = wave.open(‘output.wav’, ‘w’) output_file.setnchannels(1) # 单声道 output_file.setsampwidth(2) # 2 字节，16 位 output_file.setframerate(sample_rate)

生成 250Hz 的音频数据#

samples = array.array(‘h’, [0] _ (sample_rate _ duration)) amplitude = 2 ** 15 - 1 # 振幅

for i in range(len(samples)): t = float(i) / sample*rate # 当前时间（秒） samples[i] = int(amplitude * math.sin(2 _ math.pi _ 250 _ t))

将音频数据写入 WAV 文件#

output_file.writeframes(samples)

关闭 WAV 文件#

output_file.close()

import numpy as np from scipy.io import wavfile import wave

def generatesine_wave(freq, duration, filename): # 采样率 sample_rate = 44100 # 生成时间轴 t = np.linspace(0, duration, int(duration * samplerate), endpoint=False) # 生成正弦波信号 wave_data = np.sin(2 * np.pi _ freq _ t) # 将信号归一化到 16 位范围内 wave_data_normalized = (wave_data * 32767).astype(np.int16)

1
# 创建并保存wav文件
2
with wave.open(filename, 'wb') as wav_file:
3
    wav_file.setnchannels(1)  # 设置为单声道
4
    wav_file.setsampwidth(2)  # 设置采样大小为2字节（16位）
5
    wav_file.setframerate(sample_rate)  # 设置采样率
6
    wav_file.writeframes(wave_data_normalized.tobytes())

示例：生成 1000Hz 频率，持续 2 秒的正弦波 wav 文件#

generate_sine_wave(1000, 2, “sine_wave.wav”)

Excel#

import as xl workbook = xl.load_workbook(filename=“D:\Documents\aa.xlsx”) workbook.sheetnames

pip#

方法一：打开网址,https://pypi.org/project/pip/#files

然后下载源码，解压，打开命令行，输入命令python setup.py install

输入pip --version，查看是否安装成功

方法二：打开终端，执行py get-pip.py

安装模块: pip install module-name 例如： pip install pyelftools

juypter
pillow
requests
pyinstaller

1
# 参数解释： F只产生一个exe，w是不使用控制台,i是图标
2
pyinstaller  -i xxx.icon -Fw demo.py

FAQ#

Q: 指定版本运行脚本？ A: py -3.7 a.py

1
#
2
import PySimpleGUI as sg
3
layout = [[sg.Text('Your typed chars appear here:'), sg.Text(size=(15,1), key='-OUTPUT-')],
4
          [sg.Input(key='-IN-')],
5
          [sg.Button('Show'), sg.Button('Exit')]]
6

7
window = sg.Window('Test', layout)
8

9
while True:  # Event Loop
10
    event, values = window.read()
11
    print(event, values)
12
    if event in  (None, 'Exit'):
13
        break
14
    if event == 'Show':
15
        # Update the "output" text element to be the value of "input" element
16
        window['-OUTPUT-'].update(values['-IN-'])
17

18
window.close()
19
#
20
import os
21
import re
22

23
def batch_rename_files(directory, regex_pattern, new_text):
24
    for filename in os.listdir(directory):
25
        if re.match(regex_pattern, filename):
26
            new_filename = re.sub(regex_pattern, new_text, filename)
27
            os.rename(os.path.join(directory, filename), os.path.join(directory, new_filename))
28

29
# 指定目录和正则表达式
30
directory = "D:/aaaa"
31
regex_pattern = r'FPGA_240109b(.*)'
32
new_text = r'FPGA_240109(-3_6)\1'   #\1指保留其他部分不变
33

34
# 执行批量重命名
35
batch_rename_files(directory, regex_pattern, new_text)
36

37

38
# 生成指定的bin
39
import os
40
import binascii
41
import random
42

43
file_path = 'example.bin'
44
# file_size = 0x3150
45
file_size = 1024*8
46

47
with open(file_path, 'wb') as f:
48
    remaining_bytes = file_size
49
    buffer_size = 1024  # 每次写入的字节数
50
    while remaining_bytes > 0:
51
        buffer = bytearray(random.getrandbits(8) for _ in range(min(buffer_size, remaining_bytes)))
52
        f.write(buffer)
53
        remaining_bytes -= buffer_size
54

55
# 音量
56
import PyAutoGUI
57
import time
58

59
while 1:
60
    pyautogui.press('volumeup')    #调大音量
61
    time.sleep(5)
62
    pyautogui.press('volumedown') #调小音量
63
    time.sleep(5)
64
#pyautogui.press('volumemute') #静音
65

66
# 图形化
67
import PySimpleGUI as sg
68
# sg.popup('demo ok')
69
# sg.popup_ok_cancel('PopupOKCancel')
70
# sg.popup_error('PopupError')  # Shows red error button
71
# sg.popup_timed('PopupTimed')  # Automatically closes
72
# 例子：
73
text = sg.popup_get_file('Please enter a file name')
74

75

76
import PySimpleGUI as sg
77
import json
78
sg.set_options(font=('Arial Bold', 16))
79
layout = [
80
   [sg.Text('Settings', justification='left')],
81
   [sg.Text('User name', size=(10, 1), expand_x=True),
82
   sg.Input(key='-USER-')],
83
   [sg.Text('email ID', size=(10, 1), expand_x=True),
84
   sg.Input(key='-ID-')],
85
   [sg.Text('Role', size=(10, 1), expand_x=True),
86
   sg.Input(key='-ROLE-')],
87
   [sg.Button("LOAD"), sg.Button('SAVE'), sg.Button('Exit')]
88
]
89
window = sg.Window('User Settings Demo', layout, size=(715, 200))
90
# Event Loop
91
while True:
92
   event, values = window.read()
93
   if event in (sg.WIN_CLOSED, 'Exit'):
94
      break
95
   if event == 'LOAD':
96
      f = open("settings.txt", 'r')
97
      settings = json.load(f)
98
      window['-USER-'].update(value=settings['-USER-'])
99
      window['-ID-'].update(value=settings['-ID-'])
100
      window['-ROLE-'].update(value=settings['-ROLE-'])
101
   if event == 'SAVE':
102
      settings = {'-USER-': values['-USER-'],
103
      '-ID-': values['-ID-'],
104
      '-ROLE-': values['-ROLE-']}
105
      f = open("settings.txt", 'w')
106
      json.dump(settings, f)
107
      f.close()
108
window.close()
109

110

111

112

113
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
114
import numpy as np
115
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
116
import PySimpleGUI as sg
117
import matplotlib
118
matplotlib.use('TkAgg')
119
fig = matplotlib.figure.Figure(figsize=(5, 4), dpi=100)
120
t = np.arange(0, 3, .01)
121
fig.add_subplot(111).plot(t, 2 * np.sin(2 * np.pi * t))
122
def draw_figure(canvas, figure):
123
   tkcanvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(figure, canvas)
124
   tkcanvas.draw()
125
   tkcanvas.get_tk_widget().pack(side='top', fill='both', expand=1)
126
   return tkcanvas
127
layout = [[sg.Text('Plot test')],
128
   [sg.Canvas(key='-CANVAS-')],
129
   [sg.Button('Ok')]]
130
window = sg.Window('Matplotlib In PySimpleGUI', layout, size=(715, 500), finalize=True, element_justification='center', font='Helvetica 18')
131

132
# add the plot to the window
133
tkcanvas = draw_figure(window['-CANVAS-'].TKCanvas, fig)
134
event, values = window.read()
135
window.close()
136

137

138
import PySimpleGUI as psg
139
psg.set_options(font=('Arial Bold', 16))
140
layout = [
141
   [psg.Text('Enter a num: '), psg.Input(key='-FIRST-')],
142
   [psg.Text('Enter a num: '), psg.Input(key='-SECOND-')],
143
   [psg.Text('Result : '), psg.Text(key='-OUT-')],
144
   [psg.Button("Add"), psg.Button("Sub"), psg.Exit()],
145
]
146
window = psg.Window('Calculato1r', layout, size=(715, 180))
147
while True:
148
   event, values = window.read()
149
   print(event, values)
150
   if event == "Add":
151
      result = int(values['-FIRST-']) + int(values['-SECOND-'])
152
   if event == "Sub":
153
      result = int(values['-FIRST-']) - int(values['-SECOND-'])
154
   window['-OUT-'].update(result)
155
   if event == psg.WIN_CLOSED or event == 'Exit':
156
      break
157
window.close()
158

159
import PySimpleGUI as sg
160

161
# 定义布局
162
layout = [[sg.Text('Hello PySimpleGUI!')],
163
          [sg.Button('OK')],
164
          [sg.Button('continue')]]
165

166
# 创建窗口
167
window = sg.Window('aa', layout,icon = 'edit_icon.ico')
168

169
# 事件循环
170
while True:
171
    event, values = window.read()
172

173
    if event == sg.WINDOW_CLOSED or event == 'OK':
174
        break
175
    elif event == 'continue':
176
        sg.popup("aaaaaaaaaaaaaa")
177

178
# 关闭窗口
179
window.close()
180

181
import PySimpleGUI as sg
182
import os
183

184
def main():
185
    # 定义历史记录文件路径
186
    history_file = 'history.txt'
187

188
    # 创建布局
189
    layout = [
190
        [sg.Text('File 1:'), sg.InputText(key='file1'), sg.FileBrowse(initial_folder=get_last_path(history_file, 0))],
191
        [sg.Text('File 2:'), sg.InputText(key='file2'), sg.FileBrowse(initial_folder=get_last_path(history_file, 1))],
192
        [sg.Text('File 3:'), sg.InputText(key='file3'), sg.FileBrowse(initial_folder=get_last_path(history_file, 2))],
193
        [sg.Text('File 4:'), sg.InputText(key='file4'), sg.FileBrowse(initial_folder=get_last_path(history_file, 3))],
194
        [sg.Button('OK')],
195
    ]
196

197
    # 创建窗口
198
    window = sg.Window('File Selector', layout)
199

200
    while True:
201
        event, values = window.read()
202

203
        if event == sg.WINDOW_CLOSED:
204
            break
205

206
        if event == 'OK':
207
            # 保存历史记录
208
            save_history(history_file, values['file1'], values['file2'], values['file3'], values['file4'])
209

210
            # 弹出消息框
211
            sg.popup('Hello World!')
212
            break
213

214
    window.close()
215

216
def get_last_path(history_file, index):
217
    # 从历史记录文件中获取上次保存的路径
218
    if os.path.exists(history_file):
219
        with open(history_file, 'r') as file:
220
            history = file.readlines()
221
            if len(history) > index:
222
                return history[index].strip()
223
    return ''
224

225
def save_history(history_file, *paths):
226
    # 将当前选择的路径保存到历史记录文件中
227
    with open(history_file, 'w') as file:
228
        for path in paths:
229
            file.write(f'{path}\n')
230

231
if __name__ == '__main__':
232
    main()
233

234

235
import PySimpleGUI as sg
236

237
sg.theme('Default1')   # 设置当前主题
238
# 界面布局，将会按照列表顺序从上往下依次排列，二级列表中，从左往右依此排列
239
layout = [  [sg.Text('Some text on Row 1')],
240
            [sg.Text('Enter something on Row 2'), sg.InputText()],
241
            [sg.Button('Ok'), sg.Button('Cancel')] ]
242

243
# 创造窗口
244
window = sg.Window('Window Title', layout)
245
# 事件循环并获取输入值
246
while True:
247
    event, values = window.read()
248
    if event in (None, 'Cancel'):   # 如果用户关闭窗口或点击`Cancel`
249
        break
250
    print('You entered ', values[0])
251

252
window.close()
253

254

255
import PySimpleGUI as sg
256

257
layout = [[sg.Text('My one-shot window.')],
258
                 [sg.InputText()],
259
                 [sg.Submit(), sg.Cancel()]]
260

261
window = sg.Window('Window Title', layout)
262

263
event, values = window.read()
264

265
window.close()
266
text_input = values[0]
267
sg.popup('You entered', text_input) # 弹出窗口
268

269

270

271
import PySimpleGUI as sg
272
layout = [[sg.Text('Your typed chars appear here:'), sg.Text(size=(15,1), key='-OUTPUT-')],
273
          [sg.Input(key='-IN-')],
274
          [sg.Button('Show'), sg.Button('Exit')]]
275

276
window = sg.Window('Pattern 2B', layout)
277

278
while True:  # Event Loop
279
    event, values = window.read()
280
    print(event, values)
281
    if event in  (None, 'Exit'):
282
        break
283
    if event == 'Show':
284
        # Update the "output" text element to be the value of "input" element
285
        window['-OUTPUT-'].update(values['-IN-'])
286

287
window.close()
288

289
import PySimpleGUI as sg
290

291
layout = [[sg.Text('A custom progress meter')],
292
          [sg.ProgressBar(1000, orientation='h', size=(20, 20), key='progressbar')],
293
          [sg.Cancel()]]
294

295
window = sg.Window('Custom Progress Meter', layout)
296
progress_bar = window['progressbar']
297
# loop that would normally do something useful
298
for i in range(1000):
299
    # check to see if the cancel button was clicked and exit loop if clicked
300
    event, values = window.read(timeout=10)
301
    if event == 'Cancel'  or event is None:
302
        break
303
  # update bar with loop value +1 so that bar eventually reaches the maximum
304
    progress_bar.UpdateBar(i + 1)
305
# done with loop... need to destroy the window as it's still open
306
window.close()
307

308
import PySimpleGUI as sg
309
sg.theme('Default1')
310
text = sg.popup_get_file('Please enter a file name',no_window=False)
311
print(text)
312

313
import PySimpleGUI as sg
314
theme_name_list = sg.theme_list()
315
sg.theme_previewer()
316
sg.theme('Default1')
317
layout = [[sg.Text('Theme Browser')],
318
          [sg.Text('Click a Theme color to see demo window')],
319
          [sg.Listbox(values=sg.theme_list(), size=(20, 12), key='-LIST-', enable_events=True)],
320
          [sg.Button('Exit')]]
321
window = sg.Window('Theme Browser', layout)
322

323
while True:  # Event Loop
324
    event, values = window.read()
325
    if event in (None, 'Exit'):
326
        break
327
    sg.theme(values['-LIST-'][0])
328
    sg.popup_get_text('This is {}'.format(values['-LIST-'][0]))
329

330
window.close()
331

332

333

334
import PySimpleGUI as psg
335
text = psg.popup_get_text('Enter your name', title="Textbox")
336
print ("You entered: ", text)
337
file=psg.popup_get_file('Select a file',  title="File selector")
338
print ("File selected", file)
339
folder=psg.popup_get_folder('Get folder', title="Folder selector")
340
print ("Folder selected",folder)
341
ch = psg.popup_yes_no("Do you want to Continue?",  title="YesNo")
342
print ("You clicked", ch)
343
ch = psg.popup_ok_cancel("Press Ok to proceed", "Press cancel to stop",  title="OkCancel")
344
if ch=="OK":
345
   print ("You pressed OK")
346
if ch=="Cancel":
347
   print ("You pressed Cancel")
348
psg.popup_no_buttons('You pressed', ch, non_blocking=True)
349
psg.popup_auto_close('This window will Autoclose')
350

351

352

353
import PySimpleGUI as psg
354
layout = [
355
   [psg.Text('Name '), psg.Input()],
356
   [psg.Text('Address '), psg.Input()],
357
   [psg.Text('Email ID '), psg.Input()],
358
   [psg.OK(), psg.Exit()]
359
]
360
window = psg.Window('Form', layout)
361
while True:
362
   event, values = window.read()
363
   if event == psg.WIN_CLOSED or event == 'Exit':
364
      break
365
   print (event, values)
366
window.close()
367

368
import PySimpleGUI as psg
369
psg.set_options(font=('Arial Bold', 16))
370
layout = [
371
   [psg.Text('Name ', size=(15, 1)),
372
   psg.Input(key='-NM-', expand_x=True)],
373
   [psg.Text('Address ', size=(15, 1)),
374
   psg.Input(key='-AD-', expand_x=True)],
375
   [psg.Text('Email ID ', size=(15, 1)),
376
   psg.Input(key='-ID-', expand_x=True)],
377
   [psg.Text('You Entered '), psg.Text(key='-OUT-')],
378
   [psg.OK(), psg.Exit()],
379
]
380
window = psg.Window('Form', layout, size=(715, 200))
381
while True:
382
   event, values = window.read()
383
   print(event, values)
384
   out = values['-NM-'] + ' ' + values['-AD-'] + ' ' + values['-ID-']
385
   window['-OUT-'].update(out)
386
   if event == psg.WIN_CLOSED or event == 'Exit':
387
      break
388
window.close()

FTDI module#

1
import ft4222
2
import ft4222.I2CMaster
3

4

5
# 需要在命令行使用以下命令，安装库
6
# pip install ft4222
7

8
# list devices
9
nbDev = ft4222.createDeviceInfoList()
10
for i in range(nbDev):
11
    print(ft4222.getDeviceInfoDetail(i, False))

生成音频#

1
# wav 250
2
import wave
3
import math
4
import array
5

6
# 音频参数
7
sample_rate = 44100  # 采样频率
8
duration = 60*1  # 音频时长（秒）
9

10
# 创建一个新的WAV文件
11
output_file = wave.open('output.wav', 'w')
12
output_file.setnchannels(1)  # 单声道
13
output_file.setsampwidth(2)  # 2字节，16位
14
output_file.setframerate(sample_rate)
15

16
# 生成250Hz的音频数据
17
samples = array.array('h', [0] * (sample_rate * duration))
18
amplitude = 2 ** 15 - 1  # 振幅
19

20
for i in range(len(samples)):
21
    t = float(i) / sample_rate  # 当前时间（秒）
22
    samples[i] = int(amplitude * math.sin(2 * math.pi * 250 * t))
23

24
# 将音频数据写入WAV文件
25
output_file.writeframes(samples)
26

27
# 关闭WAV文件
28
output_file.close()

打包的时候使用:#

1
pyinstaller --icon=edit_icon.ico --noconsole  --onefile demo.py

pyenv#

1
pyenv version
2
pyenv install
3
pyenv global
4
pyenv versions
5
# 切换分支
6
pyenv global 3.7.0

Python 学习笔记基础篇#

LearnPython#

模块#

安装#

1
pip install pyelftools PySimpleGUI lxml numpy chardet scipy matplotlib
2
pip install pyvisa pandas shutil
3
pip install shutil openpyxl

说明#

1
# 用来暂停
2
os.system("pause")

打包应用#

1
# -F 表示 打包为单个文件
2
# -w 表示为没有控制台
3
# -i .\favicon.ico 添加应用图标
4
pyinstaller.exe -F -w -i .\favicon.ico .\test.py

python venv#

这是 Python 自带的包管理器，下面介绍常用命令。

1
# 创建环境
2
python -m venv /path/to/your/venv
3
# 激活环境 Windows
4
/path/to/your/venv/Scripts/activate
5
# 激活环境 Linux
6
source /path/to/your/venv/bin/activate
7
# 退出环境
8
deactivate

pip set#

1
# 导出包
2
pip freeze > requirements.txt
3
# 导入包
4
pip install -r requirements.txt
5
# pip 安装到指定路径
6
pip install package_name -t /path/to/your/directory

pip package list#

1
pip install vcdvcd
2
pip install python-lsp-server

pip#

方法一：打开网址,https://pypi.org/project/pip/#files

然后下载源码，解压，打开命令行，输入命令python setup.py install

输入pip --version，查看是否安装成功

方法二：打开终端，执行py get-pip.py

安装模块: pip install module-name 例如： pip install pyelftools

juypter
pillow
requests
pyinstaller

1
# 参数解释： F只产生一个exe，w是不使用控制台,i是图标
2
pyinstaller  -i xxx.icon -Fw demo.py

FAQ#

Q: 指定版本运行脚本？ A: py -3.7 a.py

打包#

打包的时候使用:

1
pyinstaller --icon=edit_icon.ico --noconsole  --onefile demo.py

图形化#

pysimplegui 5.0 版本开始收费,所以只能安装 5.0 之前的版本.

1
pip uninstall PySimpleGUI
2
pip install PySimpleGUI==4.70.1

音乐

音乐

Python相关知识

Python 常用脚本#

CH341A 模块#

FTDI 模块#

python venv#

pip set#

pip package list#

LearnPython#

模块#

安装#

说明#

打包应用#

wav 250#

音频参数#

创建一个新的 WAV 文件#

生成 250Hz 的音频数据#

将音频数据写入 WAV 文件#

关闭 WAV 文件#

示例：生成 1000Hz 频率，持续 2 秒的正弦波 wav 文件#

Excel#

pip#

FAQ#

FTDI module#

生成音频#

打包的时候使用:#

pyenv#

Python 学习笔记基础篇#

LearnPython#

模块#

安装#

说明#

打包应用#

python venv#

pip set#

pip package list#

pip#

FAQ#

打包#

图形化#

支持与分享

音乐

目录